Cell Biology/Cell Division Tutorial

In order to understand genes and biotechnology, you need to first understand how cells work.  Although cell biology is not the focus of the unit, this tutorial is designed to give you an introduction to cell theory, different types of cells, and the cell cycle.  Once you understand these, genetics becomes much easier!

Below are two links for different pages with information about cells and cell division.  Some of the information is on outside websites, others are on the pages themselves.  There are also a lot of diagrams – look at these!  They make understanding cell structure and processes much easier.  Once you have read through all of the pages, you should answer the questions below.  You can write your answers by hand or create a Word or Google Doc and submit them electronically.

  1. Prokaryotic v. Eukaryotic Cells
  2. Cell Division: Mitosis v. Meiosis

Questions:

  1. Identify 5 differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
  2. Explain why meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction.
  3. Explain asexual reproduction in your own words.
  4. Calculate the number of chromosomes a zygote (human) would have if gametes did not undergo meiosis and both the egg and sperm had all of their chromosomes.
  5. Diagram the way that homologous chromosomes line up in mitosis and meiosis.

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